Assuntos
Infecções por Helicobacter , Helicobacter pylori , Humanos , Conduta Expectante , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Helicobacter/epidemiologia , Austrália/epidemiologia , Claritromicina , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , MetronidazolRESUMO
Despite currently available treatments, the prognoses of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis (PCH) remain poor. Platelet-derived growth factor and its receptor (PDGFR) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension in PAH and PCH. Imatinib, a PDGFR antagonist, may be beneficial in the treatment of both conditions because of its potent antiproliferative effect. We report two cases that demonstrate the potential for safe and efficacious use of imatinib in PAH and PCH.
RESUMO
Since the late 1990s, a surge in interest in the analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) resulted in the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) organising a Task Force in 2001 to develop guidelines on EBC collection and measurement of biomarkers. This Task Force published their guidelines in 2005 based on literature and expert opinions at that time, and multiple shortcomings and knowledge deficits were also identified. The clinical application of EBC collection and its biomarkers are currently still limited by several of these knowledge gaps, hence further guidelines for standardisation are required to ensure external validity. Using related articles produced since the publication of the ATS/ERS Task Force report, this paper attempts to provide a comprehensive update to the original guideline and review the methodological shortcomings identified. This review can hopefully serve as a yardstick for future studies involving this emerging clinical tool.
